Back in 1985, I purchased a book
titled “Zen Master Dōgen: An Introduction with Selected Writings.” Translation and commentary by Yuho Yokoi with
Daizen Victoria. Weatherhill, 1984. Later, I read Moon in a Dewdrop and other translations and commentary by Kazuaki Tanahashi about Master Dōgen, the founder of Soto Zen Buddhism in Japan. These authors brought Dōgen to California for me ... a real Dharma treasure.
“The quality of our life
depends on what seeds we water in our consciousness.”
- Thich Nhat Hanh
I watered the seeds of
wisdom from Dōgen for many years, tended to my garden of life, and reaped many
fruits. I maintained correct remembrance of Dōgen's contributions.
One of the sermons by Zen Master Dōgen (1200-1253 CE), was “The Eight Aspects of
Enlightenment” (Hachi Dainin-gaku), written the year Dogen died. In this lecture, Dōgen tells the story of the
last sermon spoken by the Buddha Shakyamuni before he died around 400 BCE.
Here is an abbreviated
version of Dogen’s sermon:
“The various Buddha’s have
all been enlightened persons. Their
enlightenment is designated hachi dainin-gaku because it has eight
important aspects, the comprehension of which lead to Nirvana. It was the Buddha Shakyamuni himself who, in
his last sermon on the eve of his death, clarified these eight aspects.
The firs [important aspect]
is freedom from greed. This means to
forsake the five desires. Be a person of
few wants.
The second is
satisfaction. This means to be satisfied
with whatever one has.
The third is to enjoy
quiet. This means to lead a solitary
life, separated from all worldly disturbances.
The fourth is right speech,
considered speech, avoidance of gossip and useless discussions.
The fifth is diligence. The means to do good single-heartedly and
continuously. If you are diligent in
your practice of the Way, it will not be difficult for you to realize
enlightenment.
The sixth is correct
remembrance. This is also called the
preservation of correct remembrance, the word “preservation” signifying the
comprehension of the Law.
The seventh is the practice
of samadhi. Samadhi means
to reside in the Truth, in an undisturbed state of mind.
The eight is the practice of
Wisdom. Wisdom stems from enlightenment,
which is the result of having practiced the Law that one has heard and thought
about.
A person who possesses true
Wisdom is like a stalwart ship sailing across the ocean of old age, sickness,
and death; like a bright lamp dispelling the darkness of delusion; like a good
medicine for all those who are sick; and like a sharp axe used to cut down the
tree of illusion. The Wisdom resulting
from having heard, thought about, and practiced the Law can thus be used to
increase your merit in the Way. If a
person has come into possession of the light of Wisdom, he has the power to see
the Truth with his naked eyes. Such is
the nature of Wisdom.”
“These, then, are the eight
important aspects of enlightenment. Each
of these aspects has eight different functions, for a total of sixty-four
functions in all. In a broader sense,
however, these eight actually have an infinite number of functions, the figure
sixty-four being merely an abbreviated form of the latter. The Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the preceding,
his last teaching on the essence of Mahayana, around midnight on
February 15th. Thereafter, he
said nothing more, being silent until his death.”
Eight Mindful Steps to Happiness: Walking the Buddha's Path By Bhante Henepola Gunaratana. Boston, Wisdom Publications, 2001. Index, reading list, 268 pages. ISBN: 0861711769. VSCL, 6/2005. A thorough explanation of Right or Skillful Understanding, Thinking, Speech, Action, Livelihood, Effort, Mindfulness, and Concentration. A rational ethical system.